France is at the heart of the transmission system in Europe, with 46 interconnectors providing a total capacity of around 12 GW.

However, a single link, IFA 2000, connects France to the UK. This link is highly congested, especially during winter peaks in France. In addition, the energy transition in France, with a strong development of renewable energy and a partial phasing out of nuclear energy (from 75 to 50%), requires significant new transmission investments and timely development of interconnectors.